Data Science · Intermediate level

Intermediate level · Module 3 of 6 · 16 guided hours

Statistical Inference

Estimate population values with confidence intervals, test hypotheses and interpret results without common mistakes.

Learning objectives

  • Calculate and interpret confidence intervals for means and proportions
  • Choose and run common hypothesis tests
  • Report effect sizes and avoid p-value pitfalls

Topics

  • standard error
  • confidence intervals
  • null and alternative hypotheses
  • t-tests and chi-square tests
  • p-values and significance
  • effect sizes and multiple comparisons

Lessons

  1. Lesson 1 Confidence Intervals

    Quantify the precision of estimates with standard errors and confidence intervals.

    standard error95% confidence intervalinterval widthcomparing intervals

  2. Lesson 2 Hypothesis Testing

    Use t-tests and chi-square tests to judge whether differences are larger than chance would explain.

    null hypothesisp-valuet-testchi-square test

  3. Lesson 3 Effect Sizes and Common Pitfalls

    Report how big a difference is, not just whether it is significant, and avoid misusing p-values.

    effect sizestatistical vs practical significancemultiple comparisonsp-hacking

Practical activity

Test whether girls' and boys' attendance differ and whether attendance is associated with school type, reporting effect sizes and intervals.

Expected outcomes

  • Correct use of common tests
  • Honest reporting of statistical evidence

Assessment

Statistics practical marked on test choice, calculation and plain-language interpretation.

Taught live by an instructor — online or in person. Free course lessons are for self-study and do not lead to a certificate — see registration options.